Why did Charles Wilton Buy Valmont?

Charles Wilton

A new interview with Charles Wilton, Portfolio Manager with the Private Investment Management Group at Raymond James. In today’s episode, we talk about the recent acquisition in his portfolio.

IRONSHIELD Financial Planning’s “Fly On The Wall” update call.
These calls are recorded by Scott Plaskett and allow you to get a behind-the-scenes look at one of his professional update calls. Watch and listen as a “fly on the wall” and get some of the most valuable information you will find on the Internet.

Business Valuation

Republished with permission from Built to Sell Inc.

Deck: Business valuation goes beyond simple mathematics, but to get some idea of what your business might be worth, consider the three methods below.

Your business is likely your largest asset so it’s normal to want to know what it is worth. The problem is: business valuation is what one might call a “subjective science.”

The science part is what people go to school to learn: you can get an MBA or a degree in finance, or you can learn the theory behind business valuation and earn professional credentials as a business valuation professional.

The subjective part is that every buyer’s circumstances are different, and therefore two buyers could see the same set of company financials and offer vastly different amounts to buy the business.

This article provides the basic science and math behind the most common business valuation techniques, but keep in mind that there will always be outliers that fall well outside of these frameworks. These are strategic sales, where a business is valued based on what it is worth in the acquirer’s hands. Strategic acquisitions, however, represent the minority of acquisitions, so use the three methods below to triangulate around a realistic value for your company:

Assets-based

The most basic way to value a business is to consider the value of its hard assets minus its debts. Imagine a landscaping company with trucks and gardening equipment. These hard assets have value, which can be calculated by estimating the resale value of your equipment.

This valuation method often renders the lowest value for your company because it assumes your company does not have any “Good Will.” In accountant speak, “Good Will” has nothing to do with how much people like your company; Good Will is defined as the difference between your company’s market value (what someone is willing to pay for it) and the value of your net assets (assets minus liabilities).

Typically, companies have at least some Good Will, so in most cases you get a higher valuation by using one of the other two methods described below.

Discounted Cash Flow

In this method, the acquirer is estimating what your future stream of cash flow is worth to them today. They start by trying to figure out how much profit you expect to make in the next few years. The more stable and predictable your cash flows, the more years of future cash they will consider.

Once the buyer has an estimate of how much profit you’re likely to make in the foreseeable future, and what your business will be worth when they want to sell it in the future, the buyer will apply a “discount rate” that takes into consideration the time value of money. The discount rate is determined by the acquirer’s cost of capital and how risky they perceive your business to be.

Rather than getting hung up on the math behind the discounted cash flow valuation technique, it’s better to understand the drivers of your value when you use this method. They are: 1) how much profit your business is expected to make in the future; and 2) how reliable those estimates are.

Note that business valuation techniques are either/or and not a combination. For example, if you are using Discounted Cash Flow, the hard assets of the company are assumed to be integral to the generation of the profit the acquirer is buying and therefore not included in the calculation of your company’s value.

A money-losing bed and breakfast sitting on a $2 million piece of land is going to be better off using the Asset-based valuation method; whereas a professional services firm that expects to earn $500,000 in profit next year, but has little in the way of hard assets, will garner a higher valuation using the Discounted Cash Flow method or the Comparables technique described below.

Comparables

Another common valuation technique is to look at the value of comparable companies that have sold recently or for whom their value is public. For example, accounting firms typically trade at one times gross recurring fees. Home and office security companies trade at about two times monitoring revenue, and most security company owners know the Comparables technique because they are often getting approached to sell by private equity firms rolling up small security firms. Typically you can find out what companies in your industry are selling for by asking around at your annual industry conference.

The problem with using the Comparables methodology is that it often leads owners to make an apples-to-bananas comparison. For example, a small medical device manufacturer might think that, because GE is trading for 20 times last year’s earnings on the New York Stock Exchange, they too are worth 20 times last year’s profit. However, if one looks at the more than 13,000 businesses analyzed through the The Value Builder System, it’s clear that a small medical device manufacturer is likely to trade closer to five times pre-tax profit.

Small companies are deeply discounted when compared to their Fortune 500 counterparts, so comparing your company with a Fortune 500 giant will typically lead to disappointment.

Finally, the worst part about selling your business is that you don’t get to decide which methodology the acquirer chooses. An acquirer will do the math on what your business is worth to them behind closed doors. They may decide your business is strategic, in which case back up the Brinks truck because you’re about to get handsomely rewarded for your company. But in most cases, an acquirer will use one of the three techniques described here to come up with an offer to buy your business.

Sellability Score

For more free information on Creating A Business Owner’s Dream Financial Plan, you can listen to a free, eight part series we did exclusively for business owners. The show is also available to subscribe to for free via iTunes.

The Canada Pension Plan—When Is the Right Time for You?

When it comes to the Canada Pension Plan (CPP), it really is a matter of deciding when to take it. While there is no rule of thumb, there is a specific answer for each person. In today’s blog post, I will give a quick overview of what the Canada Pension Plan is, and show you how to find the right time to collect this retirement pension.

What is the Canada Pension Plan and who is eligible?

The Canada Pension Plan is a retirement pension that provides a monthly taxable benefit to retired contributors.

To be eligible for the CPP, there are three qualifications:

1. You must have worked in Canada
2. You must have made at least one contribution to the CPP
3. You must be at least 60 years of age



When can you begin to receive your Canada Pension Plan?

The earliest you can begin to receive your CPP is at the age of 60. However, the standard age to start is 65, and there are definite advantages if you choose to defer collecting your pension. From 2012 to 2016, new rules in the Canadian government state that the early pension reduction will gradually be increased from 0.5% to 0.6% per month if you take it before the age of 65. This means that by 2016, if you are at the age of 60 and decide to collect your pension, you will be penalized and your pension amount would be 36% less overall than it would have been if you had taken it at the age of 65.

If you choose to delay receiving your CPP, the latest you can defer taking it is at the age of 70. Under the new rules, for every month you elect to wait past the age of 65, you will receive an enhancement of 0.7% per month. This means that if you choose to collect your CPP at the age of 70, you will receive an overall enhancement of 42% enhancement to your pension.

Tips

1) Get an estimate of what your pension is going to be.

If you are approaching retirement, it is important to obtain an estimate for your pension. Try using the Canada Retirement Income Calculator to help you get started.

2) Consider all the factors before deciding to take your pension.

  1. Are you still working and contributing to the CPP? Continued contributions will enhance your CPP when you decide to collect.
  2. How long have you contributed for? The longer you contribute, the more you will receive.
  3. What are your other sources of retirement income? CPP income is taxable income. By collecting your pension early, this means that adding more income to your plan could push you into a higher tax bracket. If you don’t need the extra income, avoid this step.

3) Recognize that your health may play a role in helping you decide to collect your CPP.

If your health is poor, you may want to start collecting early to ensure you receive as much benefits throughout your lifetime as possible. Remember that the earliest you can start to receive your CPP is at the age of 60. Sometimes, this may be a better option for you.

4) Be very, very clear on what your retirement plans are.

Ask yourself: do I want to retire? Do I need to retire? Just because there is money available to you, it doesn’t mean you have to accept it. You can wait and defer it until you are 70. Knowing what your retirement plans are is very important because it will help you get a better idea of when the right time to collect is for you.

5) Find out if it is better or worse for you if you delay receiving your pension.

If you stop working at the age of 60, but defer collecting your pension until 65, you must take into account the extra five years of no income. In essence, you are lowering your average wage over the life of the plan by including these zero income years, which will likely reduce your overall CPP benefit.

As I said in the beginning, there is no rule of thumb when it comes to knowing when to apply for your Canada Pension Plan, but there is a right answer for you. You can begin by collecting your CPP only when you need to, and not before, but the most important thing to remember is to always assess your situation in conjunction with your overall financial plan. Financial planning is key because it allows you to work with a CFP and come up with a comprehensive plan that will show you how the different scenarios in life could affect your finances in the future. For example, if you are wondering what would happen if you start collecting your CPP at the age of 65, your CFP could model that out for you so that it becomes clearer.

Financial planning is so critical to your future and a key component to making good decisions. Head over to our website to check out the different tools and resources we have to offer, including your report on the 12 Key Questions You Must Ask a Financial Planner before You Hire One, and work with your financial planner today to talk about your Canada Pension Plan.

Related Links
Choosing a Financial Planner
https://www.ironshield.ca/landing/how-to-choose-and-work-with-a-financial-planner-you-can-trust/

Mistakes in Retirement Planning
https://www.ironshield.ca/articles/four-mistakes-to-avoid-when-creating-a-retirement-income-plan/

Canada Pension Plan—Changes to the Rules
http://www.servicecanada.gc.ca/eng/services/pensions/cpp/retirement/age.shtml

What a Study of 14,000 Businesses Reveals About How You Should Not Be Spending Your Time

Republished with permission from Built to Sell Inc.

In an analysis of more than 14,000 businesses, a new study finds the most valuable companies take a contrarian approach to the boss doing the selling.

Who does the selling in your business? My guess is that when you’re personally involved in doing the selling, your business is a whole lot more profitable than the months when you leave the selling to others.

That makes sense because you’re likely the most passionate advocate for your business. You have the most industry knowledge and the widest network of industry connections.

If your goal is to maximize your company’s profit at all costs, you may have come to the conclusion that you should spend most of your time out of the office selling, and leave the dirty work of operating your businesses to your underlings.

However, if your goal is to build a valuable company—one you can sell down the road—you can’t be your company’s number one salesperson. In fact, the less you know your customers personally, the more valuable your business.

The Proof: A Study of 14,000 Businesses

We’ve just finished analyzed our pool of Sellability Score users for the quarter ending December 31. We offer The Sellability Score questionnaire as the first of twelve steps in The Value Builder System, a statistically proven methodology for increasing the value of a business.

We asked 14,000 business owners if they had received an offer to buy their business in the last 12 months, and if so, what multiple of their pre-tax profit the offer represented. We then compared the offer made to the following question:

Which of the following best describes your personal relationship with your company’s customers?

  • I know each of my customers by first name and they expect that I personally get involved when they buy from my company.
  • I know most of my customers by first name and they usually want to deal with me rather than one of my employees.
  • I know some of my customers by first name and a few of them prefer to deal with me rather than one of my employees.
  • I don’t know my customers personally and rarely get involved in serving an individual customer.

2.93 vs. 4.49 Times

The average offer received among all of the businesses we analyzed was 3.7 times pre-tax profit. However, when we isolated just those businesses where the owner does not know his/her customers personally and rarely gets involved in serving an individual customer, the offer multiple went up to 4.49.

Companies where the founder knows each of his/her customers by first name get discounted, earning offers of just 2.93 times pre-tax profit.

When Value Is the Enemy of Profit

Who you get to do the selling in your company is just one of many examples where the actions you take to build a valuable company are different than what you do to maximize your profit. If all you wanted was a fat bottom line, you likely wouldn’t invest in upgrading your website or spend much time thinking about the squishy business of company culture.

How much money you make each year is important, but how you earn that profit will have a greater impact on the value of your company in the long run.

Sellability Score

For more free information on Creating A Business Owner’s Dream Financial Plan, you can listen to a free, eight part series we did exclusively for business owners. The show is also available to subscribe to for free via iTunes.

The Secrets of Benefits Planning

Photo by: Michelangelo Carrieri licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic

Photo by: Michelangelo Carrieri licensed under

In small and mid-sized businesses, there are many common issues that may arise and a number of these problems are related to employee benefits. Recently, I spoke with Roger Thorpe, President of Thorpe Benefits and a specialist in benefits and wellness planning, to discuss his line of work. In today’s blog post, I will highlight some of the problems and share with you some simple solutions and tips that you could try to better manage your benefit plans.

Make no mistake about it: small businesses inevitably struggle with the cost of employee benefits. When a company grows to a certain size, they realize that they must offer a benefit plan in order to attract new employees, who are likely to have had benefits at their old employer. So, the company puts a plan in place for competitive purposes. The cost of benefits varies annually depending on the market, and companies, on average, see a five to ten percent increase in benefit costs per year.

Companies rely on their broker or agent to inform them whether or not a benefit plan is suitable. Nowadays, there are professionals who work in all the different areas of specialty and it is more important than ever to work with a specialist because if you are not, then you are merely getting the generic idea of a service. Having a generic, standard plan could be most frustrating for the business owner because they are not really given a rationale for what the rates cover. Here, I encourage you to work with a benefits specialist and go through a six-step process to discover some of the most common problems and solutions of benefits planning.

1. There is a disconnect between why a benefit plan was introduced in the first place and the role it now plays with employees.

Sometimes, you will find that employee benefits are no longer fulfilling their purpose. With a real mix of Boomers, Gen X-ers and Y-ers in today’s workforce, employee benefits may be way down the list in terms of what they want.

Solution: You want to re-evaluate and ask yourselves: how do I want to treat my employees? This is called the employee benefit philosophy. You want to go back to the basics and set up some parameters and rules around your design. This way, you can really create a benefit plan that would fit the needs of your employees.

2. There is an anxiety when it comes to the cost of benefit plans.

This is one of the most frustrating points for business owners: not knowing what goes into the price of a health or dental rate.

Solution: Learn everything you can about how rates are calculated: the claims, target ratios, loss ratios, inflation, reserves, pooling, commissions, and credibility. Understanding these terms will give you greater confidence when you know what you are paying for. In addition, calculating your own rates will help eliminate that anxiety.

3. The plan is being managed by an inexperienced employee.

In small businesses, this task is often delegated to a junior employee. But with very little training provided, mistakes can go undiscovered, salaries may not be up-to-date, etc.

Solution: Make sure you take the time to provide real training for the administrator in charge of managing the plan. This way, there will be no errors when the company data gets audited. You can even do group training with other companies or schedule one-on-one sessions.

4. There is a lack of employee appreciation and cost accountability.

Employees often don’t seem to appreciate the benefits that they are given by the company. As a result, they start to take them for granted and forget that the employer is the one who is paying for them, not the insurance company.

Solution: Build appropriate employee communication tools. There are a number of ways to do this. First, you could meet with them in person to reconfirm the value that is in the benefit plan and who pays for it. The second thing you could do is to use written statements or memos. An example would be total reward statements, which are summaries of all the salary, bonus, vacation, and benefit costs of an employee, and who pays for them. It is, in essence, an employer- vs. employee-paid comparison, and can be a very powerful tool.

Other methods that allow you to acquire feedback include surveys and focus groups. These are opportunities for employees to discuss what they are looking for from the company.

5. There is no schedule and no tracking mechanism for the plan.

Without a concrete plan, it is difficult to keep track of claims and all the options and alternatives that are available.

Solution: Set up a schedule for the year. Arrange a meeting every 90 days so that you can stay on track with the budget. Plan at least two additional meetings to review all your choices and plan all the alternatives. Allot a time for a face-to-face presentation with your employees for feedback. At this point, you are looking at about seven scheduled meetings throughout the year, but you will find that having these meetings makes managing benefit plans much easier.

6. Incorporating a level of wellness or health promotion into the business is still a fairly new idea.

Solution: Have a discussion on the concept of wellness in your organization and understand how a prevention program could help you in reducing the costs of benefits. In Canada and the U.S., wellness promotion is a huge and important advantage for a company because it educates employees on how to eat well, exercise, manage stress, etc., which shows their competitors in the industry that they can take good care of their employees.

Following these six steps will give you a different way of looking at benefit plan management. This program will allow you to take a more effective and more proactive approach to benefit plans as a business owner. Check out http://thorpebenefits.com/ for tools and resources that can help you create the right plan for your employees or speak to a specialist on this topic.

Related Links
Thorpe Benefits
http://thorpebenefits.com/

How to Choose a Financial Planner
https://www.ironshield.ca/landing/how-to-choose-and-work-with-a-financial-planner-you-can-trust/

Mike Flux – Market Update and Investment Alternatives Q4 2014

MichaelFlux_1000x1230

In this video, I speak with Mike Flux, Senior VP of Connor Clark & Lunn Private Capital to chat about their investment outlook from Q4 of 2014. We also discuss how to interpret the current events, and how to properly position portfolios to take advantage of these market events.

In this second video, Mike gives an update on the alternative strategies that they are using in their portfolios to help reduce the effects of the current volatility without sacrificing returns.

IRONSHIELD Financial Planning’s “Fly On The Wall” update call.
These calls are recorded by Scott Plaskett and allow you to get a behind-the-scenes look at one of his professional update calls. Watch and listen as a “fly on the wall” and get some of the most valuable information you will find on the Internet.

6 Reasons Not To Diversify

Republished with permission from Built to Sell Inc.

Deck: Diversification is a sound financial planning strategy, but does it work for company building?

How does Vitamix get away with charging $700 for a blender when reputable companies like Cuisinart and Breville make blenders for less than half the price?

It’s because Vitamix does just one thing, and they do it better than anyone else.

WhatsApp was just a messaging platform before Facebook acquired them for $19 billion US. Go Pro makes the best helmet mounted video cameras in the world. These companies stand out because they poured all of their limited resources into one big bet.

The typical business school of thought is to diversify and cross sell your way to a “safe” business with a balanced portfolio of products – so when one product category tanks, another line of your business will hopefully boom. But the problem with selling too many things – especially for a young company – is that you water down everything you do to the point of mediocrity.

Here are six reasons to stop being a jack-of-all-trades and start specializing in doing one thing better than anyone else:

1. It will increase the value of your business

When you sell one thing, you can differentiate yourself by pouring all of your marketing dollars into setting your one product apart, which will boost your company’s value. How do we know? After analyzing more than 13,000 businesses using The Sellability Score, we found companies that have a monopoly on what they sell get acquisition offers that are 42 percent higher than the average business.

2. You can create a brand

Big multinationals can dump millions into each of their brands, which enable them to sell more than one thing. Kellogg can own the Corn Flakes brand and also peddle Pringles because they have enough cash to support both brands independently, but with every new product comes a dilution of your marketing dollars. It’s hard enough for a start-up to build one household name and virtually impossible to create two without gobs of equity-diluting outside money.

3. You’ll be findable on Google

When you Google “helmet camera,” Go Pro is featured in just about every listing, despite the fact that there are hundreds of video camera manufacturers. It’s easy for Go Pro to optimize their website for the keywords that matter when they are focused on selling only one product.

4. Nobody cheered for Goliath

Small companies with the courage to make a single bet get a bump in popularity because we’re naturally inclined to want the underdog – willing to bet it all – to win. When Google launched its simple search engine with its endearing two search choices “I’m feeling lucky” vs. “Google search,” we all kicked Yahoo to the curb. Now that Google is all grown up and offering all sorts of stuff, we respect them as a company but do we love them quite as much?

5. Every staff member will be able to deliver

When you do one thing, you can train your staff to execute, unlike when you offer dozens or hundreds of products and services that go well beyond the competence level of your junior staff. Having employees who can deliver means you can let them get on with their work, freeing up your time to think more about the big picture.

6. It will make you irresistible to an acquirer

The more you specialize in a single product, the more you will be attractive to an acquirer when the time comes to sell your business. Acquirers buy things they cannot easily replicate themselves. Go Pro (NASDAQ: GPRO) is rumored to be a takeover target for a consumer electronics manufacturer or a content company that wants a beachhead in the action sports video market. Most consumer electronics companies could manufacturer their own helmet mounted cameras, but Go Pro is so far out in front of their competitors – they are the #1 brand channel on You Tube – that it would be easier to just buy the company rather than trying to claw market share away from a leader with such a dominant head start.

Diversification is a great approach for your stock portfolio, but when it comes to your business, it may be a sure-fire road to mediocrity.

Sellability Score

For more free information on Creating A Business Owner’s Dream Financial Plan, you can listen to a free, eight part series we did exclusively for business owners. The show is also available to subscribe to for free via iTunes.

How to Respond to Market Crashes

Oftentimes, we hear on the news that the markets have crashed, but bear in mind that the media frequently dramatize events and make it seem as if things are really crazy. While things may become a little hectic, the real question is how you respond to such events. In today’s blog post, I will talk about the things you could do in the event of a market crash and the 4 Don’ts and 5 Do’s in terms of your financial affairs during these times.

Generally speaking, when a market crash occurs, there are four classic things that you could do with your money:


  1. Invest an additional sum of money—the best time to buy is when things are the cheapest, and things are cheapest when the market is down.
  2. Keep everything where it is—in addition, you could choose to start a monthly contribution plan.
  3. Don’t do anything—you wouldn’t add or take away anything. You could simply choose to ride it out.
  4. Take a defensive stance—this means you could sell your position, get out of the market, put it into cash, and re-enter the market when it is back to normal. Emotions tend to drive this option, but I highly suggest that you don’t let your emotions dictate your investment decisions.

It’s important to remember that for every crisis, there’s an opportunity. When the market crashes, we weigh our options and decide which of them we should take. History has shown that the more violent the correction, the more rapid the recovery. So what should and shouldn’t we do in these times of opportunity?

4 Things You Should NOT do

1. Don’t Panic

People panic when they are afraid of the unknown. Panicking affects your emotions and your rationality, and you will end up making poor financial decisions as a result. Recognize that a negative market event is a requirement for above average returns. So embrace the fact that when the markets turn south, this is setting your portfolio up for a positive future.

2. Don’t Talk to Your Friends

People only talk about their successes. Your friends are not going to tell you about the failures that they’ve had. The truth is, most of your friends are simply bragging about small, short-term successes. The reality, however, is that those big, short-term successes don’t often translate into sustainable long-term returns.

Talk to a CFP instead because they are trained to understand what a market crash means on a global level. They will really help you figure out your next step.

3. Don’t Sell to Stop the Bleeding

This option is essentially choosing option number four: selling for a perceived “defensive” stance. People want to wait until the market is stabilized before they re-invest in the market because this makes them feel better. However, the reality is that more often than not, these “defensive” investors miss out on some of the greatest gains because they let their emotions dictate their investment decisions. Just think about it logically—the formula for profits is to “buy low and sell high”, not “buy high, hoping to sell at a higher point.” The latter is known as “the greater fool theory.” A fool buys a security without paying any attention to the actual value of that security in the hopes that they can find a greater fool to sell it to in the future at a higher price. Take a moment to think about that. Simply put, investing is all about paying the right price for something and the right price is more often than not present right after a market setback. This is called in simple terms “a sale.”

4. Don’t Be Uneducated

Make sure you talk to a financial planner. It is important to understand the situation at hand and discuss the plan and strategy with your financial planner. One of your options is to listen to our Fly on the Wall webinar series and listen in while I talk to various investment professionals and portfolio managers that we work with and get firsthand information on the status of the market. Remember to stay informed and understand the fundamentals of what you are dealing with.

5 Things You SHOULD Do

1. Educate Yourself

This tip essentially reiterates the last point in the previous list. Educate yourself so that you and your financial planner both understand the plan and the strategy.

2. Align Yourself with a Discretionary Investment Firm

Ensure that you are making the right decisions with an investment firm that can implement your portfolio strategy and work on your behalf to take advantage of any opportunities that present themselves. Discretionary management allows advisors to make decisions for their clients based on the discussions they have had and the investment policy statement that has been put in place. Make sure that this is properly set up because you are protected if your portfolio manager ventures outside of these boundaries. They can become liable for doing so.

3. Consider Tax Loss Selling

When the markets are down by a significant percentage, you can trigger that loss by choosing to sell an investment, and then re-invest it in another version of your current portfolio. This allows you to avoid the superficial loss rule in Canada, which states that you are not allowed to claim a loss that you triggered by selling and then repurchasing the same security. Selling an investment and re-investing it in a different version essentially allows you to sidestep this rule.

Now, you can take the loss that you triggered and offset any taxes that were paid on any gains you had prior to the current year. So if you had paid taxes on a capital gain within the past three years, you can reclaim that loss and get some money back. Similarly, you can also take that loss that you triggered and carry it forward indefinitely. This will allow you to offset any future gains with some capital losses.

4. Make Sure You Don’t Get Caught in the Paperboy Syndrome

If your paperboy qualifies for the same type of investments that you are in, consider migrating your portfolio to a more appropriate investment solution that is better suited and priced for your level of investment account. Watch out for the three thresholds. If your portfolio is:

Less than $100,000—mutual funds are ideally suited for you (good diversification; something anybody can purchase)

$100,000 and above—start hiring your own portfolio manager and investment counselling firm to work with (really direct and customized management tailored to each individual)

5. Recalibrate Your Financial Plan

Whenever the markets drop by a certain level, it is understandable that you would have a lot of unanswered questions. Recalibrating your financial plan could be called the first thing you should do. It means taking your plan and keying in the current values so that you would know what you are working with. Work with your financial planner to answer all your questions and find out how the market crash would affect your financial decisions and goals. You can check out the report at our website called 12 Key Questions You Must Ask a Financial Advisor Before You Hire One. It will help you get involved with a financial planner and begin the process of managing your finances.

Related Links
How to Choose a Financial Planner
https://www.ironshield.ca/landing/how-to-choose-and-work-with-a-financial-planner-you-can-trust/

Fly on the Wall Update Calls
https://www.ironshield.ca/blog/fly-on-the-wall-update-calls/